Philanthrocapitalist traces in Ted talk’s interview with Bill Gates on “how we must respond to the coronavirus pandemic” – a critical discourse analysis = Phân tích diễn ngôn phê phán các yếu tố thiện nguyện tư bản trong bài phỏng vấn của Ted talk với Bill Gates về vấn đề ứng phó với đại dịch Coronavirus

Tóm tắt

This paper explores the philanthrocapitalist traces underlying Bill Gates’
 pandemic talks in his interview with TED Talk on ‘How to respond to the
 Coronavirus Pandemic’ in 2020. Particularly, the way ideology is embedded in
 political discourse, specifically how philanthrocapitalism is interwoven in Bill
 Gates’ pandemic talk is investigated. Having adopted the combined analytical
 framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis proposed by Charteris Black (2004),
 Systemic Functional Grammar established by Halliday (1994), and Martin and
 White’s (2005) Appraisal framework, the study discovers that Gates has
 implemented a range of linguistic devices such as metaphors, provisions of
 agencies, evaluative language, verb phrases, etc. to represent a pandemic scenario
 of the U.S. and the world in general with several agencies adopting certain stances.
 Through the construction of the COVID-19 pandemic, Gates strongly exhibited a
 philanthrocapitalist ideology throughout his speech. The results of the study
 indicate an interrelation between the linguistic factors (metaphors, transitivity system,
 evaluation), the themes around which those factors are oriented, namely, Criticism
 (the U.S. government, population); Sharing knowledge (on the virus, the
 achievements of the Gates organization, and strategies to deal with the pandemic);
 and Characteristics of the virus, and the philanthrocapitalist notions that they express.
 As the social actor (Bill Gates) represents the COVID-19 pandemic in certain social
 contexts, it may be the case that the experience of the pandemic of Gates and the U.S.
 people in general are conditioned by the socio-cultural and politico-economic factors
 external to the pandemic. The findings of this study contribute to the body of English
 linguistics on how philanthrocapitalism is hinted through the construction of a
 pandemic scenario, and suggest that an integrated framework of CMA, SFG, and
 Appraisal frameworks can be a versatile tool for analyzing the complex ways in
 which language is used to express the ideologies a person or a group.